滑动轴承论文：滑动轴承承载能力的理论研究和实验分析

滑动轴承论文：滑动轴承承载能力的理论研究和实验分析

【中文摘要】在生产实践中,轴承的承载能力是滑动轴承设计的重点问题,对滑动轴承承载能力的研究对于轴承技术的发展具有重要意义。通常影响滑动轴承承载能力的因素有很多,如宽径比、偏心率、相对间隙等,而滑动轴承在不同工作载荷和转速的情况下,油膜承载力也不尽相同。本文应用数值计算方法以及编程语言,从理论计算和实验测试两个方面对滑动轴承的承载能力展开研究。本文对雷诺方程进行无量纲简化,采用有限差分法和超松弛迭代法以及数学软件MATLAB对简化后的雷诺方程编程求解,获得滑动轴承油膜压力分布数值以及三维图形,并研究了轴承宽径比、偏心率对轴承油膜压力分布的影响规律。本文利用ZHS20滑动轴承实验台测得在不同工作载荷及转速下滑动轴承的油膜压力分布,以及流体动力润滑特性相关曲线,展开对滑动轴承摩擦因数、摩擦状态转化以及过渡转速的研究,并对理论计算以及实验台测试所得的轴承承载力进行比较,引入端泄系数,对轴承运行的端泄量展开研究。本文通过对实验台测试功能的拓展,测得不同相对间隙下轴承的油膜压力分布,分析相对间隙对轴承承载力的影响,并通过计算得到使轴承获得最大承载力的相对间隙最佳值,对滑动轴承的设计和研究具有实际指导意义。本文在最后对轴承承载力的理论计算和实验值计算进行可视化操作界面设计,使轴承承载力的计算及其结果显示更为形象、简捷。

【英文摘要】The capacity of bearing is the key point of

journal bearing’s design in production practice, which is extremely important to the bearing technology development. Usually, there are many factors influence the capacity of journal bearing, such as the wide of axle bush compared to diameter of axle, eccentricity, relative gap, and the lubricant film supporting capacity is also different in the different work load and in the rotational speed situation.This article adopts the numerical calculus method and the programming language, to research the capacity of journal bearing through the way of the theoretical calculation and the experiment value. This article simplifies the Reynolds equation into

dimensionless form, and uses the finite difference method and the ultra flaccid repetitive process as well as mathematics software MATLAB to program and solve the dimensionless form of the Reynolds equation, and obtains the pressure distribution value and the three dimensional graph of journal bearing lubricant film, and also studies the bearing film pressure distribution influence rule of the wide of axle bush compared to diameter of axle and eccentricity. Under the different work load and the rotational speed, this article uses the journal bearing laboratory bench ZHS20 to obtain the journal bearing’s lubricant film pressure distribution and the hydrodynamic

lubrication characteristic correlation curve, and research the journal bearing rubbing factor, the friction condition transformation and the excessive rotational speed, compares the bearing supporting capacity of theoretical calculation and the experiment value, gives the coefficient of the leading-in terminal releases, studies the quantity of releases when the bearing is working. Through to develop the test function of the laboratory bench, this article obtains the bearing’s lubricant film pressure distribution under different relative gap, and analyses the influence of the relative gap to the bearing supporting capacity, and obtains the relative gap best value which can cause the bearing to get the greatest supporting capacity. At last, this article carries on the visualization operation contact surface design to the bearing supporting capacity which contains the theoretical calculation value and the actual computation value, and the contact surface makes the computation and the demonstration of result much vividly, simply and directly.

【关键词】滑动轴承 理论计算 实验研究 MATLAB 相对间隙 可视化

【英文关键词】Journal bearing Fundamental calculation Experiment research MATLAB

Relative gap Visualization

【目录】滑动轴承承载能力的理论研究和实验分析摘要6-7Abstract7第1章 绪论10-151.1 课题来源101.2 国内外研究历史及现状10-131.2.1 滑动轴承发展历史及研究概况10-111.2.2 滑动轴承实验台发展现状11-131.3 课题研究方案及技术路线131.4 研究意义13-141.5 本章小结14-15第2章 滑动轴承承载能力理论研究15-222.1 雷诺方程的求解15-202.1.1 雷诺方程的无量纲化15-162.1.2 确定边界条件16-172.1.3 求解雷诺方程17-202.1.3.1 计算网格划分172.1.3.2 方程的离散化17-192.1.3.3 逐点松弛迭代法19-202.1.3.4 收敛准则202.2 雷诺方程的程序编译及计算20-212.3 本章小结21-22第3章 滑动轴承承载能力实验与数据处理22-333.1 滑动轴承实验台简介22-233.2 实验数据采集23-283.2.1 径向滑动轴承油膜压力分布曲线实验24-263.2.2 流体动力润滑特性曲线实验26-283.3 实验数据处理28-323.3.1 实验数据的曲线拟合28-303.3.2 数据拟合结果30-323.4 本章小结32-33第4章 滑动轴承承载能力分析与研究33-494.1 滑动轴承理论计算参数影响的研究33-374.1.1 滑动轴承宽径比的影响33-344.1.2 滑动轴承偏心率的影响34-374.2 滑动轴承摩擦因数的实验研究37-434.2.1 滑动轴承摩擦状态的转化374.2.2 实验数据的整理与分析37-414.2.2.1 f-λ曲线测定37-394.2.2.2 p-f-n曲线测定39-414.2.3 摩擦因数的分析与研究41-434.2.3.1 f-λ曲线的分析414.2.3.2 p-f-n曲线的分析41-424.2.3.3 摩擦因数的理论计算值与实验值比较分析

42-434.3 承载能力理论值与实验值分析43-454.3.1 承载力实验值计算43-444.3.2 承载力理论值计算44-454.3.3 承载力实验值与理论值的对比研究454.4 相对间隙改变时承载能力的研究45-484.5 本章小结48-49第5章 滑动轴承承载能力曲线的可视化49-575.1 GUI模块简介49-505.2 滑动轴承承载力实验值的可视化50-555.2.1 创建GUI图形界面50-535.2.2 编写回调函数53-555.3 滑动轴承承载力理论计算的可视化55-565.4 本章小结56-57结论57-59致谢59-60参考文献60-62攻读硕士学位期间发表的论文62