第三部分 “人与社会”之历史、社会与文化篇
目录：
Passage 1 90后手工艺人复原古代女性妆品 Passage 2 中国首位男子单板大跳台世界冠军苏翊鸣 Passage 3 90后国潮设计师“变废为宝”制作精美头冠 Passage 4 你会为不够时尚而焦虑吗 Passage 5 科技让作家写书更轻松
Passage 1
主题语境——人与社会——90后手工艺人复原古代女性妆品
Cosmetics like lipstick and eyeliner are 1. ________ (common) used by women
nowadays. But what did Chinese women use for makeup in ancient times? Over the past years, Wang Yifan 2. _______ (restore) more than 30 kinds of cosmetics and makeup tools from different dynasties.
Wang has been fascinated by cosmetics since she was a child. After graduating from college in 2015, Wang devoted herself to researching ancient cosmetics. She spent five years gradually 3. _______ (master) systematical knowledge of restoring ancient cosmetics. She also learned from professionals 4. ______ specialize in clothing and dying.
Basically, the restoration process of cosmetics 5. _______ (include) the following steps: figuring out the ingredients, formula and effectiveness, doing experiments, making comparisons after testing and constant adjustment if any problems emerge.
In her eyes, every step is 6. _____ challenge. But finding the right components and formulas is the most difficult part as it could be the decisive factor regarding whether the cosmetics could be restored. For example, Wang restored a kind of powder 7. ______ (use) by Empress Wu Zetian. This powder was made of motherwort, a plant used in herbal medicine. Wang had to learn crude drug processing from experts. It took her two years 8. ________ (recreate) the powder.
Though the process is complicated, Wang finds it worthwhile. “Restoring cosmetics offers another perspective to learn Chinese history and know more about our nation,” she said.
Now, more people know the industry due to exposure on social media. “What’s more, China has been attaching more importance 9. _____ traditional Chinese culture,” Wang said. “This boosts my 10. -_________ (confident) to continue to restore ancient cosmetics.” 【参考答案】
1. commonly 2. has restored 3. mastering 4. who/that 5. includes
6. a 7. the most difficult 7. used 8. to recreate 9. to 10. confidence
Passage 2
主题语境——人与社会——中国首位男子单板大跳台世界冠军苏翊鸣
Su Yiming was a child star. But now he is a 1. _______ (profession) snowboarder on
his way to realize an Olympic dream.
On Dec 4, Su Yiming took home gold at the International Ski Federation (FIS) Ski and Snowboard World Cup in Colorado, US. It was his first major career title. The 17-year-old has also become the first ever Chinese athlete 2. _______ (win) a Big Air World Cup competition.
Su once played 3. _____ skier in the movie The Taking of Tiger Mountain in 2014. This experience has earned Su more chances to play more roles in other films later on.
But Su decided to stop 4. _______ (develop) his acting career to fully concentrate on his hobby snowboarding in 2015. At that time, Beijing won the bid to host the 2022 Winter Games. “It was then 5. ______ I made up my mind to become a professional skier so I could participate in the Olympics,” Su told Titan Sports.
Su started to ski at age 4, 6. ________ by his parents who are lovers of skiing. Su then 7. _________ (gradual) found his own passion for the sport. To practice, Su would get up early, finish his homework beforehand, and endure the pain of frostbite on his ears in the cold winter.
His great efforts led him to be recruited by the national team in 2018 when he was 14. In recent years, Su 8. _______ (make) big breakthroughs time and again. He became the first Chinese athlete to achieve a Backslide Triple Cork 1620 Mute and a Cab 1800 in March 2020 and January 2021. In October, he completed a Backslide 1980 Indy Crail.
From 1620 to 1980 sounds just like a change in number, but every 180 requires a lot of effort. With his big victory at the FIS World Cup, Su strengthened his place as one of the 9. _______ (bright) prospects in winter sports.
Su also said that a rapid 10. _______ (grow) of the sport has consistently inspired him to go forward in the upcoming Games. 【参考答案】
1. professional 2. to win 3. a 4. developing 5. that 6. influenced 7. gradually 8. has made 9. brightest 10. growth
Passage 3
主题语境——人与社会——90后国潮设计师“变废为宝”制作精美头冠
Do you know dried turnip can also be turned into a beautiful “flower” used to decorate
headdresses? Wang Ping, 1. _____ photographer and stylist, has “the magic” to make this happen.
Basically, to craft a headdress there are three 2. ______ (step). “First and foremost, I do a design drawing. Then, I prepare all the materials needed and construct the framework of the headwear,” Wang said. “The last step is to assemble all materials and paint.”
The basic materials include iron wire, copper sheets, pearl, and fabric. 3. ________ (surprise), almost all of them are “waste” as they come from disused clothes. Wang said he had to throw away a lot of headwear and clothes that were out of fashion. “It’s indeed a waste and a loss,” Wang said. “So I decided to make the most out of these ‘waste materials’.”
Wang takes them apart and collects the usable materials. “I try my best to design and make the headdresses 4. ______ an environmentally friendly way,” Wang added.
Among all his work, 5. ________ (craft) the headdress made from dried turnip has been relatively simple as it just only uses several materials. But he is more passionate about making 6. ________ (tradition) Chinese phoenix coronets. Making one often takes from one week to up to several months as it uses up to over 30 types of materials. Moreover, the process of assembling is complicated, as he needs to place every item into the right position.
7. ________ (present) the beauty of Chinese headdress, Wang has also learned how to make ancient clothes. So they can match with each other.
Now, Wang is making clothing featuring a dragon. “The dragon has thousands of scales in different sizes. Every single scale should be embroidered with patterns,” Wang said. “It is estimated to take one year 8. _________ (complete).”
As people are beginning to accept the growing trend of guochao, it is no wonder 9. _____ Wang’s work has gained much 10. __________ (popular). Wang usually posts videos about how he makes headdresses on Douyin. Within one year, he has attracted over 150,000 followers. 【参考答案】
1. a 2. steps 3. Surprisingly 4. in 5. crafting
6. traditional 7. To present 8. to complete 9. that 10. popularity
Passage 4
主题语境——人与社会——你会为不够时尚而焦虑吗
Li Meixi, 12, feels anxious about her looks – not her face, but her outfit. When she sees
stylish people on the street, she avoids 1. ______ (run) into them. I am afraid that they think I am out of style. 2. ______ (shame) of my ordinary outfit, I feel like I don’t even deserve to walk on the same street with them.
3. ______ Li is experiencing is fashion anxiety. It bothers many people today. Last month, a vlogger shared a video about her fashion anxiety on Sina Weibo and it quickly 4. ______ (become) a hot topic.
A big reason 5. _____ fashion anxiety is fashion bullying, experts said. As fashion magazines, advertisements and icons sport the “latest and greatest” trends, there’s a lot of pressure on people, especially 6. ______ (teenage), to follow them, no matter how expensive it might be. “The need to belong in groups is very important to young learners,” said Andy Cranham.
Another reason some people might have fashion anxiety is that they lack 7. ______ sense of self-identity. It looks like we feel anxious about our outfits, but actually we are not confident enough. So we care about how fashionable people look at us. We 8. ______ (easy) doubt or even blame ourselves. The reality is that those people usually don’t notice us at all.
Fashion trends come and go, always changing. Instead of rushing 9. ______ (follow) a trend, the key is to find your own style. If you’re able to wear something with confidence, you will be the one starting a trend. More importantly, an outfit is just a part of your image. It can’t tell the true you. What also 10. ______ (matter) is your personality and abilities. 【参考答案】
1. running 2. Ashamed 3. What 4. became 5. for 6. teenagers 7. a 8. easily 9. to follow 10. matters
Passage 5
主题语境——人与社会——毕加索：现代艺术的天才
No painter before Pablo Picasso had enjoyed such a large following in his
lifetime. Born on Oct 25, 1881, Picasso 1. ________ (create) more than 20,000 paintings, drawings, sculptures and other pieces of art by the time he died.
That’s a long time to paint! The result is not only a lot of art, 2. ______ a lot of different phases in Picasso’s work. On its website, Christie’s auction house lists eight different periods in the course of his painting career.
Over a century ago, the painter once said that, “Every act of creation is first of all 3. ______ act of destruction.” So the eight periods are all very different in their choice of subjects and yet unmistakably 4. ________ (draw) by Picasso’s hands. As his style changed over time, it became 5. ________ (simple). A common joke is that Picasso forgot how to paint. After all, he was classically trained at the School of Fine Arts in Barcelona.
Now he is best known for leading an artistic 6. ________ (move) known as “Cubism”. It used geometric shapes to create human and animal figures. 7. _______ this method, Picasso tried to show his figures from multiple perspectives in two-dimensional space. For example, a person’s left eye may be shown from straight ahead while his right eye and nose are shown from the side. The result is strange and beautiful, 8. ________ (frighten) and funny.
Picasso often said that he admired primitive art and drawings made by children. “When I was their age
I could draw like Raphael, but it took me a lifetime 9. ________ (learn) to draw like children,” he said.
Maybe that’s 10. ________ Picasso is still so popular. We look at his work and think, “Maybe I could do that!” 【参考答案】
1. had created 2. but 3. an 4. drawn 5. simpler 6. movement 7. With 8. frightening 9. to learn 10. why
Passage 5
主题语境——人与社会——科技让作家写书更轻松
Writing a book is a long and challenging process, but new technology is
increasingly making 1. ________ easier for authors to finish their books.
Michael Green, a US data scientist-turned-novelist, felt that technology could help him simplify the writing process. He said that the process had become difficult to manage: “In the midst of editing, I got to the point 2. ________ I started feeling like I had a lot of plots and characters,” he said. “I had all these documents on the deeper aspects of the world I was creating. I was worried about 3. ________ (be) able to keep track of it all. That’s when I switched into my more data science-minded approach 4. ________ solving a complex problem with a lot of different pieces.”
Green went on to create Lynit, a digital platform to help authors plan and weave together the many elements that form a story, such as themes, characters, and major 5. ________ (event).
“As the author gets a new idea that they want to bring into the story, they are able to input it into a 6. ________ (nature) framework,” he told the BBC. “Piece by piece, they’re adding to the story. As new ideas come in, they change, maybe by creating new interactions, new relationships.”
Once the book has been published, technology is also playing 7. ______ ever-increasing role in publicity and connecting with readers. Websites and apps from specialist firms allow authors 8. ________ (participate) in live question-and-answer sessions with their audience.
Michael Green believes technology 9. ________ (become) even more important as a new generation of writers mastering technology becomes more well-known. “What I’m finding with the Generation Z and even 10. ________ (young) writers is that they’re looking for technology to give them guidance,” he said.
【参考答案】
1. it 2. where 3. being 4. to 5. events
6. natural 7. an 8. to participate 9. will become 10. younger
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