实用短语

at the cost of sth 以……为代价 cost sb sth使….丧失….

Count vt 有价值 count on/upon 依靠，指望，期待 in the course of 在…过程中 take a course in 学习…课程

be crazy about 对….疯狂，狂热 be cross with sb（at sth）对某人某事生气 compare to 把….比作…. compare with把….和进行比较，与….相匹敌 过去分词短语compared to和 compared with同义，都作与….相比解

Compared with/to men, women have less chance to be promoted to a high position. Cut down消减；缩短；降低 cut off 切掉；割掉；断绝 Date back to=date from追溯到…..； 从……就开始有

The traditional friendship between our two peoples dates back to ancient days, or rather to Tang Dynasty.

Out of date 过时的 deal with处理；解决；对付；对待，与…打交道；与…作买卖 Depend on/upon=be dependent on 依赖；信赖；取决于； Be independent of不依赖…..,独立 Devote oneself/one’s time/energy/attention to sth/doing 献身，专心于，致力于 Die out 逐渐消灭，绝亡。

Make a /some difference 有影响，很重要 Make no difference没有关系（影响，区别） Whether you have a good knowledge of English and computer makes a great difference to you in finding a good job. Be different from=differs from 与…..不同

Do harm to sb 对某人有害处 do good to sb= do sb good 对某人有好处do wrong to sb 冤枉某人；虐待…；犯罪，违法 Do one’s best=try one’s best 尽某人最大努力

Do sb a favor=do a favor for sb 帮某人一忙；给某人以恩惠 give sb a hand帮某人一忙 draw near 临近 draw a conclusion得出结论 dream of 向往，渴望；做梦，梦到； drive sb mad 使某人发疯 drop in on sb drop in at some place 顺便走访，串门 call on sb call at some place 拜访（比较正式） pay a visit to sb/some place

make/earn one’s living 谋生，自食其力。

Enjoy oneself=have a good/nice time =have fun玩的痛快，过得快活。

Now and then=every now and then =now and again=once in a while=from time to time=at times 偶尔；有时。 Be ill 患病；生病 fall in love with与….恋爱

Fall behind落在……后面 far from；离….远;远离；离…差的远，远非 My hometown is far away from our school.

The use you have made of time is far from being satisfactory.

For one thing…for another,首先….. 其次；一方面…. 另一方面

Get away脱离；逃脱；脱身 get in touch with与….取得联系 keep in touch with 与………保持联系 give birth to 生；诞生 give rise to 引起，导致 give off发出（多指“光线、烟、气味等的发出、放出“） give out发出（多指“声音、光线、气味等的发出）；分发，耗尽；累垮了 my legs gave out after the hiking.远足之后，我的腿彻底累垮了。 our food supply will give out（耗尽） soon.

my patience gave out at last, I lost my temper and shouted at the naughty boy.我再也没有耐心了。我大发脾气，对

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着那个淘气的孩子大喊大叫。

Give up放弃 give in to让步于…….，屈服于……… Go against 反对；不利于

I feel that the chances are against us.我感到形式对我们不利。 If we go against nature,we’ll pay the price sooner or later.

go bad变质 go wrong出毛病 go mad/crazy发疯 go over仔细检查，审阅 hand in hand 并进；联合 have a gift for有….的天赋 have (an) effect on对…….产生影响，起作用

hear about/hear of 听说 hear from接到……的来信 heart and soul=wholeheartedly 全心全意地；专心的；

Hold on别挂断，请稍等；坚持 hold on to牢牢抓住；不放手；不出售 In a flash一刹那 in a minute 一会；马上；立刻 in a moment一会儿；立刻；马上 in actual fact=in fact=as a matter of fact事实上；实际上

in one’s opinoion= in the opinion of sb=in one’s view依某人的看法，在某人看来 in other words=that is=that is to say换句话说 in a word总之，总而言之

in public公开地，当众 in private私下地；秘密的 keep off =keep away from让开；不接近

there is a sign in the grass reading “keep off the grass”

please keep away from the electric line,or you might get a shock

kind/sort of 有点，有几分（作状语，修饰形容词，副词或动词） she is kind of lazy.她有点懒。 Lead to =result in 导向；导致

Live on 以…为生；以……..为主食

Feed on 以……为食；用………..喂养（主要用于动物，有时也用于婴儿） Look out (for)=be careful (with)=watch out小心，留神 Lose heart丧失信心

Make a promise=keep one’s word答应

Be made from制成（看不出原料） be made of 制成（能看出原材料） make….into…把……制成……. Make up弥补（不足部分）；虚构；化妆；构成

Be made up of 由…….组成 make up for 弥补（以其他方式）

Make progress取得进步 make a decision作决定 Make efforts(an effort) to do 努力做……. Make money=make one’s fortune 赚钱

Make friends with 交朋友 make trouble捣乱 make a study of研究 Make sure (of) 查明，确保

Make good use of =make the most of 充分利用 Make the best of充分利用；尽力而为；随遇而安

On one’s way to在……..路上；即将来临 on one’s way back to在回…..的路上

in order整齐；状况良好；适宜 out of order发生故障；不整齐 owe…..to欠（债等），感激，把 …归功于…….

The young writer owed his success to his teacher’d encouragement. Owing to由于，因……的缘故

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Owing to the rain, we could not go out to play. Take pains with(over) sth 在…….下功夫

Take pains/trouble to do sth 不辞辛苦的干…… When ..引导并列分句，“当时突然”，强调另一个动作的突然发生。

I was walking along the river when I heard a drowning boy crying for help.我正沿着河边走，突然听到一个溺水儿童的求救声。

I was about to leave when it began to rain我正准备离开，这时天突然下起了雨。 While=although 尽管（常放在句首）

While I admit that the problem is difficult, I don’t think that they can’t be solved.尽管我承认这个问题很难，但我并不认为这个问题无法解决。

While I admit his good points, I can seee his shortcomings. 尽管我承认他的优点，我还是看到了他的缺点。

N sooner…than…=hardly/scarcely…when…一…就，刚刚….就 no sooner/hardly+过去完成时，than/when+一般过去时

如果no sooner/hardly 位于句首，主句要倒装。 He had hardly gone to bed when the door bell rang.

Hardly had we arrived when she started crying to go home. As soon as…一…就…..

I shall come as soon as I finish my supper.

They informed us the news as soon as they got the news. 他们一得到消息就通知了我们。

….until…直到…时候 not …until…直到…才…. You are to stay here until/till your mother comes back.

The meeting was put off until ten o’clock.会议被推迟到十点

Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was(倒装句)=the villagers didn’t realize how serious the pollution was until all the fish died in the river.

It was not until his mother came back that he went to bed.（强调句）=he didn’t go to bed until his mother came back …before… 特殊用法（1）没来得及……就……

The roof fell before he bad time to dash in the room to save his baby.他还没有来得及冲进房间把孩子救出来，房顶就塌了。

He ran off before I could stop him我还没来得及阻止他，他已经跑走了。

…before… 特殊用法(2)“过了多久才怎么样”或“动作进行到什么程度才怎么样”

They walked about 30 miles to the west before they saw a village.他们西行三十英里才看到一个村庄。

They worked day and night about three days before everything returned to normal.他们日夜不停的连续工作了三天才使一切恢复正常。

Once “一旦...” 表示时间和条件

Once you understand this rule, you will have no further difficulty.

act as 担当 act out演出 add…to…把…加到……..

add to 增加 add….up把……加起来 add up to 总计是，

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意味着

if you add 5 to 3, you get 8.

His illness added to the burden of his family. Add up the figure, and you will get the total. In addition (to) 另外；除…之外

Give advise on sth提出意见（忠告）

Follow/take/carry out sb’s advice遵从、接受。执行某人的意见

Advise sb to do sth劝说某人干某事 advise (sb’s )doing sth 建议（某人）干某事

Be afraid of（doing） sth担心会…对…有顾虑 Be afraid to do 不敢干某事

Afraid of being late for school, he hurried up.

She was afraid to get clost to the tiger in case she would be killed.

Be against 反对 be for赞成 Are you for or against the plan.

We are strongly against taking the plan. Agree with适宜健康；与…相宜，相一致 What he did doesn’t agree with what he said. The weather here doesn’t agree with me.

Agree to=say “yes”to 同意（提议、计划、方案、打算、主意）

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Agree with =have a similar opinion with sb与…意见一致，同意某人的见解（意见、观点）

Agree on关于…达成一致意见，一致同意 请特别主意句子中他们的搭配

He agreed with may idea/opinion/view/me/my words/what I said.

We agree on the plan/the price.

He agreed to my suggestion/proposal/decision/terms(条件)/my going there/my act/what I did. Agree to do 同意作某事

In agreement with与…一致，与…相符合

Reach/come to an agreement with sb与…达成协议 Ahead of在 …前面；优于；超过

Ahead of与in advance of(胜过,在…前面), better than(优于,比…好)同义

A :he fulfilled the plan ahead of time. B :he is far in advance of others.

A :yes I think so. He finished the work two hours ahead of time. In the air在空中；悬而未决 on/off the air正在广播|停播 By accident=by chance 偶然地on purpose故意地

Leave sth/sb alone不去理会；不用去管 let alone更不用说 Get along with …进展；相处

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Be angry at(about) sth因……事而生气 be angry with sb对……人生气

Answer for对…负责任；受惩罚；得到报应 Be anxious about…=be worried about为…担心 Be anxious for sth =be eagar for…对….渴望

Apologize to sb=make an apology to sb向某人道歉

As well 也，还；同样 might/may +as well不妨，还是…好

As well as既…又… as well as连接两个并列成分，但不能连接句子。

Appreciate sth/doing sth欣赏；感激 Argue with sb about /over sth争辩

Argue sb into/out of doing sth 说服…干/不干…. Around the corner=draw near临近；在附近 Fix one’s attention on (upon)sth集中注意力在… Fix one’s eyes on 盯…看

At table在吃饭 at work在工作 at play在玩耍 at sea在航海 at leisure在休闲 at school在上学 At sb’s expe

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