音标

1．什么是音素：音素是语音的最小单位。 2．音素的分类：元音和辅音。

3．音素的个数：共48个，元音音素20个，辅 音音 素28个。

4．什么是音标：记录音素的符号叫做音标。

5．什么是国际音标：国际音标是由国际语音协会规定的一套音标，用来记录世界各主要语言的语音。

7. 开音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e : name, bike, home, due, plane, shine b) 辅音+元音: he, go, hi, do, be, tree, three, hello

8. 闭音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音: bad, bed, sit, hot, cup, let, mad, map b)元音+辅音: it, is, of, in, on, up, out, ant 9.重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。

二、48个音素

12个单元音 元 音 [a:] [ә:] [i:] [ɔ:] [u:] 长元音 短元音 8个双元音 [ai] [Λ] [ә] [i] [ɔ] [u] [æ] [e] [ei] [ɔi] [iә ] [eә ] [uә ] [au] [әu] 清辅音 10对 [p] [t] [k] [f] [s] [∫] [t∫] [tr] [θ] [ts浊辅音 [b] [d] [g] [v] [z] [3] [d3] [dr] [ð] [d 辅 音 3个鼻音 [m] [n] [η] 3个似拼音 [h] [r] [l] 2个半元音 [w] [j]

三、元音

元音[i:],[ i],[ ә:],[ ә]的学习

• [i:] 发这个音的字母和字母组合e ea ee • • • •

e: me be she he we evening

ee: sweet bee sweep sheep see sleep three green ea: meat leaf sea pea teach eat clean

根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中元音字母组合发音相同的两个词。

• 1.seat rain bean cat • 2.gift feet teacher dog • 3.pig star tree jeep

• 4.sweet sea fish the

• [i] 发这个音的字母和字母组合i e y ey ay • • • •

i: pig fish in fifteen six ship thin e: begin behind jacket basketball

y: happy heavy busy lorry carry sunny

lovely study thirsty twenty thirty windy rainy

• ey: monkey money

• ay:Sunday Saturday Friday

• 根据发音规则，圈出每组中元音字母发音不相同的单词。 • • • •

1.sofa sit kick lip 2.ink gift jam ship

3.hand picture big sister 4.hot lick pig jelly

• [ә:] 发这个音的字母和字母组合er ir ur ear or • • • • • • • • • •

er: her serve term

ir:bird girl skirt first dirty skirt shirt ur:nurse Thursday turtle purple curtain ear:early learn

or: word work world

根据发音规则，圈出每组中元音字母组合发音相同的单词。 1.thirty beer thirsty wheat 2. bank king her nurse 3.turtle bird rabbit knee 4.room run shirt term

[ә] 发这个音的字母和字母组合ure er ar or a e • • • • • • • • • •

ure: picture

er: teacher brother dinner father sister ar: sugar or: doctor

a:panda about above camera sofa China

根据发音规则，找出发[ә]的2个单词写在后面的横线上。 1.mother sofa road smile 2.sit father sister food 3. hair deer tiger China 4.sugar soon ear leader

音标[i:] [i] [ә:] [ә] 练习

1. 找出下列没有相同发音的词。

( ) ①he feet bread green ( ) ②pig is dog ship ( ) ③thirty bird

her food ( ) ④she big

in money ( ) ⑤sweets fish teacher

we ( ) ⑥teacher sister about girl ( ) ⑦tiger first

work shirt ( ) ⑧tree bean clean

chin ( ) ⑨father doctor skirt china ( ) ⑩happy

sea

sit

picture 2. 读音标写单词。

[bi:] [bә:d] [si:] [swi:t] [′bizi] [hә:] [′dɔktә] [′sistә] [li:f] [hi:] __________ ________ __ 3. 连线。 meat [ә:] thirsty [i] driver [ә]

animal [i:] 元音[ɔ:],[ ɔ],[ u:],[ u]的学习

[ɔ:] 发这个音的字母和字母组合a aw al or oor a: water

aw: draw strawberry al: ball wall

or: horse corn fork or short oor: floor door

根据发音规则，找出发[ɔ:]的1个单词写在后面的横线上。 1.tall bird bread poor 2.idea chair sport hare

3.cake bear walk cup 4.drink short bag milk

[ɔ] 发这个音的字母和字母组合o a

• o: fox coffee dog shop dog • doctor long • a: watch

根据发音规则，找出发[ɔ:]的2个单词写在后面的横线上。 • 1.doctor teacher box clothes • 2.cold zoo clock dog • 3.love boss lot violin • 4.watch beach fox girl

[u:] 发这个音的字母和字母组合o oo ui

• o: do who whose

• oo: food moon too • ui: fruit juice • u: ruler rude

根据发音规则，找出不发[u:]的单词。 • • • •

1. juice moon zoo panda 2. tooth broom eye spoon

3. head boot noodles pool 4. noon cool boot watch

[u]发这个音的字母和字母组合o oo u

• o: woman wolf

• oo: look good book foot wood • u: bull bullet

根据发音规则，选出与其它单词元音发音不相同的单词。 • • • •

1.mouth book look pull 2.push tape sugar foot 3.wood kind wolf bull 4.bullet wood cook name

音标[ɔ:] [ɔ] [u:] [u]练习 1．找出下列没有相同发音的词。 ( ) ①moon

food eat

fruit

( ) ②true ( ) ③four ( ) ④got ( ) ⑤bus ( ) ⑥lost ( ) ⑦ruler ( ) ⑧big

book wood small walk bird clock shop foot ball dog ship

look

shirt

push book long

ox

mooncake blue horse

it

2. 写出单词或音标。 • • • • •

[bru:m] [dɔ:] [sit] [bә:d] [fut] [wi:] [dɔg] [′sistә] look do water good too foot clock first work sister doctor sea 3. 将下列单词与正确的音标用线连起来。

[blu:]

• hot • • • •

football blue hook kiss

[huk] [ki:s] [futbɔ:l] [hɔt]

元音[a:],[ ʌ],[ æ],[ e]的学习

[a:] 发这个音的字母和字母组合a ar au ear • • • •

a: grass glass class plant dance fast father last

ar: car star arm March garden dark scarf au: laugh aunt

• ear: heart

根据发音规则，圈出发[a:]的2个单词。 • • • •

1.arm lip doctor card 2. cloud cart garden gate 3.ball scarf dark tiger 4. job lorry March park

[Λ] 发这个音的字母和字母组合o u oo ou • o: son come colour love money • u: sun nut jump gum bus brush • supper us

•

ou: touch cousin country

根据发音规则，找出每组中发[Λ]的单词。• 1.hear cup bed air • 2. voice boy duck ant • 3.vase corn bear gun •

4. cute boy money her

[æ] 发这个音的字母和字母组合a

a: dad cap cat bad apple bag flag hand rabbit ant black fat has stand rat map

根据发音规则，找出每组中发[æ]的单词。 • • • •

[e] 发这个音的字母和字母组合e ea • e: egg bell desk leg pet ten pen

• ea: bread head breakfast

根据发音规则，找出每组中不发[e]的单词。 • • • •

1.cat well leg pen

2.sweat map pet elephant 3.egg ten tall desk 4.bread head bed toy

音标[a:] [Λ] [æ] [e] 练习 1．选出下列没有相同发音的词。 • • • • • •

( ) 1. car arm food garden ( ) 2. true jump bus cut ( ) 3. bag short map flag ( ) 4. egg pen head small ( ) 5. got clock bell dog ( ) 6. rabbit book wood foot 1.rat bed face sport 2.hear cup fat pear 3.rice bat finger tree 4.sea young knife apple

• ( ) 7. rat bat apple ten • ( ) 8. gun star duck moneg 2. 写出单词或音标。 • ［pa:st］ [ru:m] [swet] [sit] • [fæt] [gɔt] [cΛp] [shә:t] bag car bus bread star head

元音音标[ei] [ai] [ɔi] [au]练习

[ei] 发这个音的字母和字母组合a ai ay a: cake make name game snake gate lazy ai: rain train wait

ay:day May play taday way

根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中发音不一样 的单词。

1.face wave sheep tail 2.grape plane name coat 3.time tape train snake 4.rain soap cake train

[ai] 发这个音的字母和字母组合i y ie uy i: kite bike nice tiger write knife y: by cry fly my sky try why ie: tie pie

uy: buy

根据发音规则，找出每组中发[ai]的2个单词. 1.rice good jam right

2.ship mine ice-cream mouse 3.cloud sit tie eye

4.write small tennis kite

••••••••[ɔi] 发这个音的字母和字母组合oi oy • oi: oil boil coin • oy: boy toy

根据发音规则，找出每组中发[ɔi]的2个单词. • 1.soil hear soy cold • 2. rabbit bed boy noise • 3.walk voise boil word • 4. tea enjoy toy milk

[au] 发这个音的字母和字母组合ou ow • ou: house mouse mouth trousers • ow: flower cow how now down

根据发音规则，选出不发[au]的单词。 • 1．mouse cloud arm clown

• 2.teacher trousers cow mouth • 3. town dance flower house • 4.tower blouse now baby

音标[ei] [ai] [ɔi] [au]练习 1. 选出下列没有发相同发音的词 • ( ) 1. cake egg rain May • ( ) 2. kite cry broom fly

• ( ) 3. boy joy cat noise • ( ) 4. blouse sun cow house • ( ) 5. tower flower mouth arm

2. 读音标,将下列单词补充完整或写出字母，单 词的音标。 • [klaud] [set] [kɔin] [krɔ:s] c__ __ __d s__ __ c__ __n cr__ __s [flæg] [trein] [desk] [smail] f__ __g tr__ __n d__ __ __ s__ __le • • • •

Aa Kk Ii Yy hi boy cow now toy bike house my cake face how nice 3. 把下列单词下正确的音标连接起来

bow [bau] gate [pai] tray [geit] pie [trei] poison [pɔizn]

元音音标[әu] [iә] [eә] [uә]的练习

• • • • •

[әu] 发这个音的字母和字母组合o oa ow o: nose rose poen over oa: boat coat soap goat ow:show window snow bowl

根据发音规则，圈出每组中发[әu]的2个单词。 1．coat goat tree river 2.make window knife road 3. your white row coat 4.boat hen nose lamp

[iә] 发这个音的字母和字母组合ear eer ear: ear hear tear eer: deer beer

根据发音规则，圈出每组中发[iә]的1个 单词。

1.bear beer fair tail 2.noodles pair near come 3.horse near tower air 4. ring king here three

[eә] 发这个音的字母和字母组合air ear air: hair chair pair ear:pear bear wear

根据发音规则，圈出每组中发[eә]的1个 单词。

1.bear idea pineapple tail 2.noodles pair climb come 3.horse house tower air 4. ring king hare three

[uә] 发这个音的字母和字母组合oor our ure oor: poor our: tour ure: sure pure

根据发音规则，圈出每组中发[uә]的1个 单词。

1.clear tourist pineapple tail 2.noodles pair climb fury 3.beard cure tower air 4. voice king pure engineer

音标[әu] [iә] [eә] [uә]的练习

1. 选出下列没有相同发音的词。

( ) 1. mouth coat goat window ( ) 2. dear beer cake teacher ( ) 3. pair boy air hare ( ) 4. poor tour Europe cry

( ) 5. boat bike side fly 2. 写出单词或音标。

［nәuz］ [said] [iә] [kau] [peә] [puә] [bæt] [wu:d] go ear photo deer near nose hear 3. 把下列单词与音标用线连起来。

［rәuz］ theater ['θiәtә] rose [skweә] tour [tuә] square [pleisiz] places

一、辅音 辅音音标[p] [b] [t] [d]练习 [p] 发这个音的字母和字母组合p pp p: piano panda parrot pet ship sheep pig stop pp: apple happy 根据发音规则，圈出没有发[p]的单词。 1.ship phone sleep pear 2.pick pen big pineapple 3.taxi parrot sheep pig 4.panda pony pet truck [b] 发这个音的字母和字母组合b bb b: book ball bird big boy bag banana bb:rubber rabbit cabbage 根据发音规则，圈出发[b]的2个单词。 1.cab gift beach love 2. pet god tub bed 3.weather boy bus make 4.rabbit read dress baby [t] 发这个音的字母和字母组合 t tt t: table tea taxi cat rat fat ticket Tt: butter matter 根据发音规则，圈出没有发[t]的1个单词。 1.taxi fat bag toy 2.hat ticket tea duck 3.pocket packet cat rain [d] 发这个音的字母和字母组合d ed d: duck seed door desk day red head bed read cold ed: smiled opened played 根据发音规则，圈出没有发[d]的1个单 词。 1.bed clothes hand 2.dog cold five 3.dance duck grape 音标[p] [b] [t] [d]练习 1. 选出下列没有相同发音的词 • ( ) 1. pear ship coat pig • ( ) 2. taxi bean cab cabbage • ( ) 3. hat sea ticket wallet • ( ) 4. seed dance hand full • ( ) 5. pick pen sit pineapple • ( ) 6. cold find door chair • ( ) 7. cloth purple pool push • ( ) 8. eat fan quiet set 2.写出单词或音标。 • [pændә] [kΛt] [di:p] [klaud] • apple pear rabbit read 3. 改变下列单词的一个字母，使它变成另一个单词。 • short→_____________(衣物) sea→_________________（感官动词） • pet →______________(蔬菜) ten→___________________ (动物) 辅音音标[k] [g] [s] [z]学习 [k]发这个音的字母和字母组合c k ck c: cap cook cup car can class k: cook milk key desk kite cake ck: clock sock cock neck 从下列单词中找出一个发[sk]的单词。 1. cake car desk neck 2. mask rock ink clock 3. disk truck silk duck • • • • • • • • [g]发这个音的字母和字母组合g gg g: glass golf get girl bag goat flag gg: egg 根据发音规则，圈出发[g]的单词。 gas drive gum give violin bag jeans orange log bridge guess tank grade long language • • • • • • • • • [s]发这个音的字母和字母组合s c ss ce s: star sun snake sea see c: pencil city cedar ceiling celebrate ss: grass glass class boss ce: face race rice nice 根据发音规则，圈出每组中2个发[s]的单词。 1. whose juice lick student 2. those case scarf shoes 3. space nose science meat • 4. tears piece bus nose [z]发这个音的字母和字母组合z s se z: zero zebra zoo s: bags photos sisters se: nose rose 根据发音规则，圈出每组中2个发[z]的单词。 1.zoo freeze lick case 2. game play busy shoes 3.dog nose rose meat 4. tears peanut eagle zero 音标[k] [g] [s] [z]练习 • 1. 将下列没有相同发音的词找出来 • ( ) 1. car stay neck clock • ( ) 2. gas give drive bag • ( ) 3. sea boss rice cook • ( ) 4. lick zoo rose zero • ( ) 5. tears freeze desk busy • 2. 写出单词或音标。 • ［rais］ [nәuz] [sneik] [gra:s] __________ __________ __________ ___________ • [gɔlf] [gla:s] [kɔk] [ki:] __________ __________ __________ ___________ • leg cake rice mouse __________ __________ __________ ___________ • nose bag get kite __________ __________ __________ ___________ 3. 把下列单词与音标用线连接起来。 socks ['gigl] giggle [gәust] ghost [sɔks] face [t∫i:z] cheese [feis] 4. 根据翻译提示。 （1）Daisy is the [desk] on dancing Miss. ________________________________Daisy 小姐正在桌子上跳舞。 （2）name ['sneik] is My. ____________________________________我的名字叫做蛇。 （3）a ['bi:] I'm busy. ____________________________________我是一只忙碌的小蜜蜂 辅音音标[∫] [3] [t∫] [d3]练习 [∫] 发这个音的字母和字母组合s sh s: sugar sure sh: ship sheep wash cash shop she 根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中发[∫]的2个单词。 1. shell ship watch desk 2. truck shirt skirt ship 3. brush carrat sheep sleep 4. hero shape street shelf • [3]发这个音的字母和字母组合s • s: television, usually, Asia • measure a garage, • an unusual collision; a great decision; • my pleasure 根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中发[3]的2个单词。 • • • • 1. shell ship garage desk 2. truck shirt pleasure ship 3. brush casual sheep sleep 4. hero shape leisure shelf • • • • • • • • [t∫]发这个音的字母和字母组合ch tch ch: teacher peach cherry chair tch: watch match 根据发音规则,找出下列单词中发[t∫]的单词，并抄下来。 chair dumpling beach cheese night she monkey China church these flower egg dream shark chick catch [d3]发这个音的字母和字母组合g j dge g: ginger giraffe j: jump job jam ge: orange cabbage cage 根据发音规则,圈出下列单词中发[d3]的单词。 egg giraffe dragon grass cabbage job gift gate orange drug jeans gun 音标[∫] [3] [t∫] [d3]练习 1. 选出下列具有相同发音的单词。 ( )1. shell watch ship see ( ) 2. shell pleasure sick treasure ( )3. chair China Monkey dream ( )4. job gift door cabbage ( )5. grass chick start jeans 2. 写出单词或音标。 ［d3æm］ [pi:t∫] [∫ip] [wɔ∫] __________ ___________ _________ __________ fish sheep she catch __________ __________ __________ ___________ peach chick shoes watch __________ __________ __________ ___________ 音标[f] [v] [θ] [ð]的练习 [f]发这个音的字母和字母组合f ff ph gh f: five fan flower fish four leaf ff: giraffe ph: phone elephant photo gh: laugh 选出下列单词中不发[f]的单词，写在横 线上。 knife flower foot fish pick get photo giraffe laugh leaf • • • • • • • [v]发这个音的字母和字母组合v ve v: video vase vest ve: five love violin 根据发音规则,在不发[v]的单词上打× violin move vote window van volcano white woman victory wet wave vase [θ]发这个音的字母和字母组合th th: three thin third teeth mouth 根据发音规则，圈出不发[θ]的单词。 1．father three maths thirsty 2. mouth throat Thursday brother 3. think thirsty mother thousand 4. thin thick they teeth • • • • • • • [ð]发这个音的字母和字母组合th th: father mother brother clothes weather 根据发音规则，圈出每组中发 [ð]的1个单词。 1．than sister brother three 2. weather thank night good 3. tie look teeth they 4. thin father throat watch 音标[f] [v] [θ] [ð]的练习 1. 将下列没有相同发音的词找出来 ( ) 1. foot knife pick fish ( ) 2. window move vote vase ( ) 3. three fan thousand thin ( ) 4. father them brother watch ( ) 5. finish van fool fat 2. 写出单词或音标。 ［'brΛðә］ [keid3] [vest] [heә] [kɔk] [ti:θ] [zi:p] [la:f] five seven foot fat mouth thirty three father 3. 选出下列每题中有几种读音。A.一种 B.二种 C.三种 D.四种 ( ) 1. foot room leaf vase ( ) 2. vest five like love ( ) 3. ship pea pick hike ( ) 4. thumb cut brother mother ( ) 5. they thin maths mouth 辅音音标［ts］[dz] [tr] [dr]的练习 [ts] 发这个音的字母和字母组合ts tes ts: seats goats coats cats pets eats tes: gates kites dates tastes 根据发音规则，找出发[ts]的4个单词写在后面的横线上。 sands woods boots birds hats carrats hands beds friends rats seeds kids • • • • • • • [dz] 发这个音的字母和字母组合ds des ds: seeds woods friends birds beds des: rides 根据发音规则，找出发[dz]的5个单词写在后面的横线上。 coats hands cats kites beds words pets kids seats horse sands gates • • • • • [tr] 发这个音的字母和字母组合tr tr: tree truck trousers strawberry trick 根据发音规则，找出没有发[tr]的3个单词写在后面的横线上。 seats truck train trash tractor drink street drug trousers • • • • • • • [dr] 发这个音的字母和字母组合dr dr: draw drink driver dragon dry 根据发音规则，找出每组中发[dr]的2个单词写在后面的横线上。 1. dream duck dress rain 2. rat drain drug door 3. tree treasure drawer drink 4. truck dragon dish drum 音标［ts］[dz] [tr] [dr]的练习 1. 选出下列选项中具有相同发音的两个单词。 ( ) ( ) 1. dream shoes drink popcorn ( ) ( ) 2. truck thirsty bath trash ( ) ( ) 3. beds pets words gates ( ) ( ) 4. birds boots rats friends ( ) ( ) 5.drug drain rain dish 2. 写出单词或音标。 ［'draivә］ [train] [wuds] [kaits] [træ∫] [drɔ:] [gәuts] [‘frendz] hats its hands shirts beds birds heads tree dress try cats carrots 3. 把下列单词和音标用线连起来。 [kәuts］ trousers [si:dz] coats [træ∫] seeds ['draivә] trash [trauzәz] driver 辅音音标[h][r][l][m]的练习 [h]发这个音的字母和字母组合h wh h: he her head heart hair ham wh: who whose 根据发音规则， 把下列单词中不发[h]的找出来。 1. ham hat white ( ) 2. horse whale who ( ) 3. wheat hole hair ( ) • • • • • • • • [r] 发这个音的字母和字母组合r rr wr r: rice room ride road rose rr: mirror carrot parrot wr: write wrong wrap 根据发音规则，选出发[r]的单词，打√。 1. bread driver wrong rain worker 2. river father robot rope sister 3. write fruit rabbit crown drum • • • • • • • • [l] 发这个音的字母和字母组合l ll l: look light lock lucky lion tail ll: ball pull dollar tell 根据发音规则，选出每组中不发[l]的单词。 1. lamp nail flag woman ( ) 2. yellow fruit lion lychee ( ) 3. grape bull laugh lake ( ) 4. dumpling moon wheel whale( ) • • • • [m] 发这个音的字母和字母组合m mb m: mouth mouse milk monkey moon money mum mb: climb comb thumb 音标[h][r][l][m]的练习 1. 写出单词或音标。 • [hed] [rait] [lait] [teil] [ku:l] [riη] [mu:n] • [hæm] heart hair horse room school late • like ball laugh noodle home ham 2. 把下列单词用线连接起来。 • parrot [′pærәt] • heart [lɔk] • lock [ha:t] • dollar [klaim] • climb [′d ɔlә] 3. 读下列单词，选出发[r]音的单词，并写在下面的横线上。 • white hair wrong drum father lion rabbit laugh • whale drive comb mirror swim 4. 将下列单词连成句子，并将音标部分写成单词。 • (1) hear [rivә] I can the • (2) Lilly to and laugh little [krai] loves 音标[n] [η] [w] [j]的练习 [n]发这个音的字母和字母组合n kn gn • n: nose net nut banana noodles train rain plane down • kn: knee knife knock • gn: sign 根据发音规则，找出发[n]的单词并抄下来。 • 1. mirror wheel yes knock • 2. mall hen laugh nut • 3. earrings plane wing bread [η]发这个音的字母和字母组合n ng • n: ink bank tank finger • ng: sing hang song king reading • • • • • • running 根据发音规则，从下列每组中找出2个发[η]的单词。 1．net ring finger meat 2. tennis mouth song swing 3. dumpling wing run nail 4. hang swim ink note [w]发这个音的字母和字母组合 • w: winter window watch water well would • wh: white where which when why wheel whale 根据发音规则，选出每组中不发[w]音的1个单词。 • • • • 1. wood write wheel which 2. wheat snow wet woman 3. white window now why 4. whale water watch row [j]发这个音的字母和字母组合y • y: yo-yo yogurt yard yes you • your 根据发音规则，找出发[j]的单词写在下 面横线上。 • cry you your sky yellow lorry • money jelly toy boy yogurt soy 音标[n] [η] [w] [j]的练习 1. 写出单词或音标。 ［nais］ [wɔt∫] [wɔ:tә] [bæηk] [riη] [ja:d] [jip] [net] bank think nose rain swing king wet where what yard yes your 2. 把下列单词用线连起来。 knee [hæη] hang [ni:] yolk [jәuk] whale [iηk] ink [weil] 3. 在下列单词中找出发［n］音的单词并抄下来。 knock bread mirror bank nut ink plane neck row sky noodle nose boys cry water knee park he 二、语音的基本常识 1、音节的划分 一个单词的音标中有几个元音就有几个音节。 nice breakfast beautiful 2、重读音节 任何双音节或多音节单词的音标中，有重读音节和非重读音节 ，哪一个音节重读，该音节的左上方或该音节的元音上方标有重读符号“'”。 3、浊化音 以sp__, st___, sk___开头的单词中，清辅音/p/ /t/ /k/分别要发浊辅音/b/ /d/ /g/。 4、定冠词the的读音 e.g. the man the old man 5、不完全爆破 爆破音[p] [b] [t] [d] [k] [g] 后面紧跟另一个爆破音时，前面的那个爆破音只在口腔内形成阻碍，而不能完全读出。 e.g. basketball ['bɑːskɪ(t)bɔːl] 6、连读 在一个短语或句子中，如果相邻两词的关系相等密切，而前一个词以辅音结尾，后一个词以元音开头，辅音和元素连在一起读。 e.g. not at all all in all 7、意群的停顿 对于一个较长的句子，可以根据意思和结构将其分成几群,一个意群必须一口气说完。