Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.
72.It was essential that _______________(我们在月底签订合同)。 73.To our delight, she ________________(进大学一个月就适应了校园生活)。
74.The new government was accused_____________________(未实现其降低失业率的承诺)。
75.The workmen think ___________________(遵守安全规则很重要)。
76.The 参考答案：
72.we sign the contract before the end of the month 73.adapted(herself) to campus life a month after entering college
74.of failure to fulfill its promise to reduce the unemployment rate
75.it very important to comply with /follow the safety regulations
76.had he tried using the machine than it stopped working 三、汉译英评分标准
对译文的主要要求是“正确”和“表达清楚”，对英语译文的其他方面不做过高的要求。具体细节如下：
1)整体内容和语言均正确，得1分
2)结构正确，但整体意思不确切或信息不全，得0.5分 3)整体意思正确但语言有错误（包括用词不当），得0.5分 4)整体意思完全错误，即使结构正确也不得分
5)添加不必要的词语时，如不影响句义，不扣分;如影响句义，应
customer
complained
that
no
sooner_______________(他刚试着使用这台机器，它就不运转了)。
扣分。
6)大小写错误及标点符号忽略不计 7)一题二译时，只按第一个译文给分。 例：
2007年12月82题
But for mobile phones, ______________ (我们的通信就不可能如此迅速和方便).
1分
1)our communication couldn’t / wouldn’t be so fast and convenient
2)our communication couldn’t / wouldn’t have been so fast and convenient
3)we couldn’t communicate so fast and conveniently 4)it would be impossible for our communication to be so quick/rapid and convenient
5)we could not get in touch with each other so quickly and conveniently
0.5分
1)our communication won’t be so fast and convenient 2)our communication had not been so fast and convenient 3)the communication between us would not have been so fast and convienent
4)our communications won’t be ripaid and convenient 0分
1)our information doesn’t so fast and confent 2)our mobile transfer can’t so quickly and candy 四、汉译英应试原则和做题程序 1.应试原则
手法灵活（如遇难译之处，换用其它相近说法表达） 语法正确（避免时态、语态、单复数等语法错误）
内容忠实（必须把原文的内容准确而完整地表达出来，不得有任何歪曲、遗漏或增删）
语言闪光（译文符合英语表达习惯，且用词准确、多样） 2.做题程序
1．理解通读并透彻理解原文含义
2．翻译确定译文句子的时态、句型、结构和用词
3．审校首先检查译文是否正确地转述了原文内容，是否有错译和漏译；其次，检查是否有语言上的明显错误，如时态、语态、单复数、拼写、大小写、标点符号等。发
现错误，及时改正。 五、汉译英历年真题 2010年12月
82. There is no denying that you ______________ (越仔细越好) in dealing with this matter.
83. Only when I reached my thirties __________________ (我才意识到读书是不能被忽视的).
84. Much ________________ (使研究人员感到惊讶)，the outcome of the experiment was far
better than they had expected.
85. Oh, my, I can’t find my key; ________________ (我一定是把它放在哪儿了).
86. I ________________ (宁愿加入你们去做义工)than go to the beach for a holiday.
2010年6月
82．_________________（他们的独生儿子从未想过）to leave them and strike out on his own though he is in his late twenties.
83. Before you take any action, please remember to ___________________（权衡你的决定会产
生的后果）.
84. He assured his friend that under no circumstances
_______________（他会违背还钱的承诺）.
85. Most educators advise that kids ______________________（不要沉溺于电脑游戏）.
86. Business major as he is, he has __________________（从未考虑过从事推销员的工作）.
2009年12月
82. How long does a jacket like this last me? __________________ (这要看你多长时间穿一次).
83. The theory he advanced has proved _________________ (对许多传统观念的一种挑战).
84. The manager ________________ (本可以亲自参加会议), but he was called away by some
urgent business abroad.
85. Both research and practical experience have shown that a _______________ (均衡的饮食对
健康是必不可少的)．
86. Much ___________________ (我感到遗憾),I was unable to finish the work on time.
2009年6月
82. With the oil prices ever rising, she tried to talk __________________ (说服他不买车).
83. ___________________ (保持幽默感有助于) reduce stress and promote creative thinking in
today’s competitive society.
84. When confronted with the evidence, _____________________ (他不得不坦白自己的罪行).
85. When people say, “I can feel my ears burning,”it means they think ______________
________(一定有人在说他们的坏话).
86. She has decided to go on a diet, but finds
_________________ (很难抵制冰淇淋的诱惑).
2008年12月
82. He designed the first suspension bridge, which ________ (把美观与功能完美地结合起来).
83. It was very dark, but Mary seemed to ________ (本能地知道该走哪条路).
84. I don’t think it advisable that parents __________ (剥夺孩子们的自由) to spend their spare time as they wish.
85. Older adults who have a high level of daily activities have more energy and ___________ (与不那么活跃的人相比死亡率要低).
86. Your resume should attract a would-be boss’ attention by demonstrating ___________ (为什么你是某个特定职位的最佳人选).
2008年6月
82.We can say a lot of things about those ______________ (毕生致力于诗歌的人): they are
passionate, impulsive, and unique.
83.Mary couldn’t have received my letter, ______________ (否则她上周就该回信了).
84.Nancy is supposed to ______________ (做完化学实验) at least two weeks ago.
85.Never once ______________ (老两口互相争吵) since they were married 40 years ago.
86.______________ (一个国家未来的繁荣在很大程度上有赖于) the quality of education of
its people. 2007年12月
82. But for mobile phones. (我们的通信就不可能如此迅速和方便)
83. In handling an embarrassing situation，(没有什么比幽默更有帮助的了)
84. The Foreign Minister said he was resigning，(但他拒绝进一步解释这样做的原因)
85. Human behavior is mostly a product of learning，（而动物的行为主要依靠本能）
86. The witness was told that under no circumstances （他都不就该对法庭说谎）
2007年6月 82.
The
auto
manufacturers
found
themselves
________________________ (正在同外国公司竞争市场的份额).
83. Only in the small town ________________________ (他才感到安全和放松).
84. 85. 86.
It Our The
is
absolutely
of
unfair
that
these all and
children in
vain,
________________________ (被剥夺了受教育的权利).
years
hard
of
work
are
________________________ (更别提我们花费的大量金钱了).
problems
blacks
women
________________________ (最近几十年受到公众相当大的关注).
2006年12月
72. If you had _____________________(听从了我的忠告，你就不会陷入麻烦)。
73. With tears on her face, the lady ____________________(看着她受伤的儿子被送进手术室)。
74.
After
the
terrorist
attack,
tourists
_______________________(被劝告暂时不要去该国旅游)。
75. I prefer to communicate with my customers __________________________(通过写电子邮件而不是打电话)。
76. ________________________(直到截止日他才寄出) his application form.
六、汉译英历年真题答案及解析 2010年12月
82. can never be too careful / cannot be too careful (考点：搭配“越……越好”“再……也不为
过”，即can never be too/cannot be too + adj.)
83. did I realize that reading cannot be neglected (考点：only 引导的状语或状语从句置于句首，
主句用部分倒装)
84. to the researchers’ surprise（考点：搭配to one’s surprise，即“使…惊讶的是”）
85. I must have left it somewhere （考点：对过去事情的肯定的猜测，即must have done）
86. would rather join you to work as volunteers (考点：结构“宁愿……也不……”，即“would
rather do rather than do”；搭配join sb.“加入某人”及work as“做某工作”)
2010年6月
82．Their only/single son has never attempted/contrived（考点：搭配attempt to do或contrive to do或不定式作动词宾语）
83. weigh the possible result of your decision或think over the consequence that your decision might generate（考点：单词或定语从句）
84. would he break/go back on his promise to return the money（考点：搭配break/go back on one’s promise和否定词位于句首的倒装句）
85.（should）not be addicted to computer games（考点：搭配be addicted to.和表示“建议、命令、要求”等词后的从句用虚拟语气）
86. never considered working as a promoter或never thought of taking the job of a promoter（考点：单词和动名词作动词或介词宾语）
2009年12月
82. It depends on how often you wear it（语法考点：宾语从句。错：It depends on how often will
you put it on）
83. a challenge to many traditional concepts (考点：单词。错：conflicts to ordinary/tradition
theories)
84. could have attended the meeting in person (语法考点：could have done表示“本可以……”
或“本能够……”错：be supposed to join the meeting) 85. balanced diet is essential to health (考点：单词。错：balance diet is necessity to the
health/healthy)
86. to my regret (考点：搭配“让某人感到遗憾的是”即to sb.’s regret。错：to my pity/sorry I
thought/sorrow I feel/regrets me) 2009年6月
82. him out of buying a car（考点：搭配talk sb. out of doing sth.和动名词作介词宾语）
83. Keeping a sense of humor helps（考点：单词及动名词作主语）
84. he had (no choice but) to confess his crime（考点：单词与搭配confess one’s crime）
85. somebody must be speaking ill of them （考点：搭配speak ill of sb.及情态动词表示判断）
86. it hard to resist the temptation of ice cream（考点：搭配resist the temptation，不定式作宾语
及it作形式宾语） 2008年12月
82. combined/combines beauty with function in a perfect way/perfectly （考点：搭配combine…with…）
83. know which way to take by instinct/instinctively（考点：“疑问词+不定式”作宾语；搭配by instinct）
84. (should) deprive children of their freedom（考点：名词从句中的虚拟语气；搭配deprive…of…）
85. a lower death rate compared with/in comparison with those less active（考点：比较级；搭配compared with/in comparison with）
86. why you are the best candidate for a particular position（考点：宾语从句；单词）
2008年6月
82.who have devoted their whole life to poetry (重点考查搭配devote…to；答案也可以是
devoting their whole life to poetry)
83.or she would/should have answered it /replied last week (重点考查虚拟语气)
84.have completed/finished her chemical experiment (重点考查不定式的完成时)
85.have the old couple quarreled with each other (重点考查否定词位于句首的倒装)
86.The prosperity of a nation in the future depends/relies, to a great extent, on (重点考查搭配
depends/relies on, to a great extent或to a large degree ) 2007年12月
82．our communication couldn't/wouldn't be so fast and convenient
83. nothing is more helpful than a sense of humor 84. but he refused to elaborate on the reasons.
85. whereas animal behavior depends mainly on instinct 86. should he lie to the court 2007年6月
82. competing for market shares with foreign companies (考点1：find sb. doing sth.，该结构中用现在分词形式作宾语补语
考点2：compete for sth. with sb.) 83. does he feel safe and relaxed
(考点：only 引导的状语位于句首，句子部分倒装)
84. should be deprived of the right to education/ should be denied the right to education
(考点1：虚拟语气，其实该句不用虚拟应该也可以得分 考点2: deprive sb of sth/ deny sb sth)
85. not to mention the large amounts of money we have spent
(考点：not to mention 和定语从句)
86. have drawn considerable public attention in the past decades
（考点：draw one’s attention, considerable, public, decade） 2006年12月
72. followed my advice, you would not have been in trouble 73. watched her wounded son being sent into the operating room
74. were advised not to go traveling in that country for the present
75. by writing email instead of calling
76. It was not until the deadline that he sent或Not until the deadline did he send
七、汉译英专项练习 1. 虚拟语气
1)If you had _____________________(听从了我的忠告，你就不会陷入麻烦)。（2006.12.72）
2)_______________(如果他按照我告诉他的办法订票), we would
have had quite a
comfortable journey.
3)I was to have made a speech _______________(要不是有人把我的话打断了).
4)_______________（如果明天下雨）, we should cancel the match.
5)It didn’t rain last night. _______________(要是下了，地就会湿的).
6)_______________(如果我一直住在纽约), I would know the U.S. well now.
7)If the doctor had not come in time, _______________(他现在就不在人间了).
8)But for mobile phones. (我们的通信就不可能如此迅速和方便). （2007.12.82）
9)But for his help, _______________(我们就不会以这么低的价格租到房子了).
10)Mary couldn’t have received my letter, ______________ (否则她上周就该回信了).
（2008.6.83）
11)I used my calculator; _______________(否则，我会花更长的时间才能算出这道题).
12)Were I in your place, _______________(我会毫不犹豫地抓住机会).
13)Had it not been for their opposition, _______________(这项法案早就通过了).
14)Should there be another world war, _______________(人类的继续存在就会有危险).
15)We insist that _______________(让杰克立刻进医院).
16)Most educators advise that kids ________________（不要沉溺于电脑游戏）.（2010.6.85）
17)It was advised that _______________(在居民区设立更多的流动商店).
18)His proposal was that _______________(他们成立一个专门委员会来检查这个问题).
19)We are going to discuss his suggestion that _______________(取消期中考试).
20)It is ridiculous that _______________(我们在一个总是下雨的国家还缺水).
21)It is essential that _______________(每个人都为紧急情况做好准备).
22)It is absolutely unfair that these children _______________(被剥夺了受教育的权利).
（2007.6.84）
23)I don’t think it advisable that parents __________ (剥夺孩子们的自由) to spend their spare
time as they wish.（2008.12.84）
24)I wish _______________(我年轻的时候有你们这样的机会). 25)If only _______________(他知道这病是可以治好的)! Then he would not have killed
himself.
26)——Would you like him to paint your door with yellow stars?
——I’d rather he _______________(漆成蓝色的，而且不带任何装饰).
27)It’s high time that _______________(采取措施解决交通堵塞的问题).
28)Hugh usually talks _______________(仿佛在大会上发表演说似的).
29)He walked lightly _______________(以免惊醒婴儿). 2. 倒装句
1)________________________(直到截止日他才寄出) his application form.（2006.12.76）
2)The witness was told that under no circumstances （他都不就该对法庭说
谎）（2007.12.86）
3)He assured his friend that under no circumstances ______________（他会违背还钱的承诺）.
（2010.6.84）
4)Never once ______________ (老两口互相争吵) since they were married 40 years ago.
（2008.6.85）
5)Scarcely had she fallen asleep _______________(一阵敲门声就把她吵醒).
6)No sooner had Anne arrived _______________(就生病了). 7)The husband was not hospitable to the visitor. _______________(他妻子也没说一句欢迎的
话).
8)Only in the small town _______________ (他才感到安全和放松).（2007.6.83）
9)Only when I reached my thirties ________________ (我才意识到读书是不能被忽视的).
（2010.12.83）
10)Only then _______________(那个医生才意识到他的病人需要手术).
11)Only when you adjust down your price _______________(我们才能做成这笔买卖).
3. 倍数增减的表示法
1)Force N1 _______________(比力N2大2.5倍).
2)This substance _______________(反应速度是另外那种物质的三倍).
3)The earth _______________(是月球大小的49倍). 4)The landlord _______________(想将租金提高三分之一). 5)They _______________(计划将投资增加一倍). 4. 时态
1)The problems of blacks and women _______________ (最近几十年受到公众相当大的关注).
（2007.6.86）
2)Be quick, _______________(否则等我们到达教堂时婚礼就已经结束了).
3)When she got home, _______________(孩子们已经睡着了). 4)When I prepare for the college entrance examination, _______________(我姐姐将在海边度
假).
5)I_______________(一上午都在修改我的简历).
6)Do you often go on holiday? _______________(不，我已经有五年没有度假了).
7)He joined the army in October, 2001. _______________(他参军已五年了).
5. 被动语态
1)The blackboard and chalk _______________(正在被电脑和投影机所取代).
2)The book _______________(到今年年底就将已出版).
3)Computer models _______________(可以用来演示细胞工作的方式).
4)When the bill of fare was brought, _______________(我惊呆了，价格大大超出了我的预
料).
5)_______________(必须立即采取有效措施)to eliminate sandy storms.
6. 情态动词
1)The phone is ringing, _______________(但是没人接听。她一定不在家).
2)I can’t find my sunglasses. _______________(我可能昨天落在咖啡店里了).
3)You screamed in your sleep last night. _______________(你一定梦见什么可怕的东西了).
4)Oh, my, I can’t find my key; __________________ (我一定是把它忘在哪儿了)。
（2010.12.85）
5)When people say, “I can feel my ears burning,” it means they think ___________________
__________________________(一定有人在说他们的坏话).（2009.6.85）
6)It’s a pity. _______________(你本应该邀请她来参加你的毕业典礼的).
7)_______________(其实我没必要穿上我最好的套装去参加那次聚会的); most of the
guests were wearing jeans and sweaters.
8)The manager ______________________ (本可以亲自参加会议), but he was called away by
some urgent business abroad. （2009.12.84） 7. 不定式
1)It was a great achievement _______________(10个月建成一栋24层的楼).
2)It is necessary _______________(我们在考试前好好地睡一晚上觉).
3)It is generous _______________(你把这么多钱捐给灾区人民). 4)The teacher decided _______________(不惩罚那些上课迟到的学生).
5)__________________（他们的独生儿子从未想过）to leave them
and strike out on his own
though he is in his late twenties.（2010.6.81）
6)Mr. Green was wondering _______________ (是否去看望在法国的儿子).
7)It was very dark, but Mary seemed to ________ (本能地知道该走哪条路).（2008.12.83）
8)The gardener _______________(刚才警告我不要在中午给花浇水).
9)We _______________(请他给我们做有关现代艺术的讲座). 10)After the terrorist attack, tourists _______________________(被劝告暂时不要去该国旅
游)。（2006.12.74）
11)He feels it challenging _______________(在这么大一所大学做学生会主席).
12)She has decided to go on a diet, but finds _____________________________________ (很
难抵制冰淇淋的诱惑).（2009.6.86）
13)We hope to have more opportunities _______________(把我们在课堂上学到的东西应用
于实践).
14)The bad weather _______________(破坏了我们在露天放电影的计划).
15)The environmentalists are against _______________(在郊区建一座核电站的决定).
16)Sally Ride was the first _______________(探索外部空间的美国妇女).
17)They lifted a rock _______________(结果砸了自己的脚). 18)He was surprised _______________(在这个山村遇见一个中学同学).
19)I am sorry _______________(占用了您这么多时间).
20)Nancy is supposed to ______________ (做完化学实验) at least two weeks ago.
（2008.6.84）
21)I happened _______________(在他冲进来的时候站在门口). 22)She doesn’t like _______________(被当作客人). 23)If
you
want
to
save
money,
you’d
better
_______________(到校园书店买旧书).
24)We did nothing _______________(除了整天打桥牌). 25)We were made _______________(进屋之前在垫子上擦擦脚). 8. 分词
1)With tears on her face, the lady ____________________(看着她受伤的儿子被送进手术
室)。（2006.12.73） 2)The
auto
manufacturers
found
themselves
____________________(正在同外国公司竞争
市场的份额).（2007.6.82）
3)This is the first time that I heard _______________(用意大利语唱“祝你生日快乐”).
4)The cars _______________(停在消防通道的) will be ticketed. 5)The war went on for years, _______________(夺去了成千上万人的生命).
6)The farmers used a new insecticide, thus _______________(将平均产量提高了15%).
7)Einstein watched the toy in delight, _______________(想推导出它的运转原理).
8)_______________(看到大家都在聚精会神地看书), we stopped talking and began to study.
9)_______________(被这个男孩的事迹深深打动了), they decided to pay for his education.
10)_______________(从一个年轻朋友的眼光来看), Einstein was a
simple, modest and
ordinary man.
11)_______________(好久没有收到父母的来信了), he was worried about them.
9. 动名词
1)_______________(每天洗冷水澡) does him a lot of good. 2)_____________________ (保持幽默感有助于) reduce stress and promote creative thinking
in today’s competitive society.（2009.6.83）
3)They tried to avoid _______________(让女儿做她不喜欢的事情). 4)Developing varieties is the key to _______________(使我们的产品进入国际市场).
5)Business major as he is, he has ________________（从未考虑过从事推销员的工作）.
（2010.6.86）
6)With the oil prices ever rising, she tried to talk ___________________ (说服他不买车).
（2009.6.82）
7)It is no use _______________(为洒了的牛奶而哭泣). 8)He denied_______________(偷看了同桌的试卷).
9)We congratulated her on _______________(被提升为经理). 10. 非谓语动词用法区别
1)Success means _______________(非常努力地工作).
2)John meant _______________(开车去那儿，但他的车出了故障). 3)I heard him _______________(在跟他的母亲谈话). 4)I heard him _______________(跟他的母亲谈了一个小时). 5)He jumped into the pool to save the child _______________(结果却摔断了自己的腿).
6)He jumped from the burning house, _______________(摔断了双腿).
7)He was happy _______________(看到父母很健康).
8)_______________(看到父母安然无恙), he issued a sigh of relief. 9)_______________(跟随着它的脚印), the zoologists spotted the hungry panda.
10)The pop, _______________(后面跟着两个保镖), came to meet his fans.
11. 名词从句
1)_______________(他们为什么离开家乡去云南) is still a secret. 2)_______________(最让我不解的) was that he spoke English so well.
3)_______________(这么做是故意的) became obvious. 4)It is not clear yet _______________(谁应该为这件事负责). 5)It is none of your business _______________(玛丽与谁订婚). 6)Your resume should attract a would-be boss’ attention by demonstrating ___________ (为什
么你是某个特定职位的最佳人选).（2008.12.86）
7)Don’t put off till tomorrow _______________(今天能做的事). 8)This novel is just _______________(我一直在寻找的).
9)It is not yet known _______________(机器人是否有一天能拥有象人一样的视力).
10)_______________(她是否喜欢那个礼物) is not clear to me. 11)My main problem right now is _______________(我是否应该请求另一笔贷款).
12)It all depends on _______________(他们是否会支持我们). 13)You have yet to answer my question _______________(我是否可以指望你的投票).
14)Finally, the workers got an answer _______________(政府做不了什么事来提高他们工资).
15)Obviously, there was little certainty _______________(主席会同意他的提议).
12. 定语从句
1)Our years of hard work are all in vain, _______________ (更别提我们所花费的大量金钱
了).（2007.6.85）
2)We can say a lot of things about those ______________ (毕生致力于诗歌的人): they are
passionate, impulsive, and unique.（2008.6.82）
3)Everyday many tourists come to visit _______________(鲁迅出生的那栋房子).
4)The old lady died _______________(在她儿子到达的那天). 5)This is _______________(我赞成这一改革的理由). 6)Let ABC be _______________(一个三边不等长的三角形). 7)Some of the roads were flooded, _______________(这使我们的旅程更为艰难).
8)He introduced me to his students, _______________(他们大部分是英语专业的学生).
9)_______________(众所周知), water is a liquid. 13. 状语从句
1)_______________(不管我们谈论什么), Jim brings polities into the discussion.
2)_______________(不管哪一方获胜), I shall be satisfied.
3)_______________(不管观众中的一些人如何使劲地难为他), the comedian always had a
quick, sharp reply.
4)We climbed high _______________(这样我们就可以看到更好的风景).
5)The problem so very complicated _______________(花了我们两个周才解决).
6)You can go out _______________(只要你答应晚上11点以前回来).
7)I remember the whole thing _______________(仿佛是昨天发生的).
14. 比较级最高级
1)In handling an embarrassing situation，(没有什么比幽默感更有帮助的
了)（2007.12.83）
2)Older adults who have a high level of daily activities have more energy and ___________ (与
不那么活跃的人相比死亡率要低).（2008.12.85） 3)Does she dance _______________(跟她姐姐一样地优美)? 4)The buildings look _______________(在伦敦比在这儿难看得多). 5)This is _______________(他画的最好的画之一).
6)The higher you climb, _______________(空气就越稀薄). 15. 强调句
1)_______________(正是Jefferson写下了)the Declaration of Independence.
2)_______________(作者是带着真挚的情感)praises all that is progressive.
3)________________________(直到截止日他才寄出) his application form.（2006.12.76）
4)_______________(正是因为水涨了)we could not cross the river. 5)_______________(人们听见正是Jim 这个无情的家伙) shouting at his mother in the dead
of night.
6)_______________(直到我告诉她) Mrs. Williams knew anything about it.
16. 固定搭配
1)We have to account to our employer _______________ （我们出差过程中所花的每一笔
钱）.
2)You can apply this principle _______________ （你将从事的任何一项事业）.
3)He is now accustomed _______________ （被称为“大城市里来的文明人”）.
4)He had been addicted _______________（打网络游戏长达三年）before he committed the
crime and was put into prison.
5)I have been fed up _______________（这儿令人厌烦的日常例行事务和沉闷的工作气氛）.
17.搭配准确 经常收集搭配 1）adj. + n.
显著的进步remarkable/striking progress 巨大的损失substantial loss 拥堵的交通heavy traffic 2）v. + n.
达到目的achieve one’s end/attain one’s goal 获取知识acquire knowledge 传播疾病transmit diseases 3）v. + prep.
剥夺deprive sb. of sth. 充斥be flooded with… 4）v. + adv.
大幅度地增长expand dramatically 八、汉译英专项练习答案及解析 1. 虚拟语气
1)followed my advice, you would not have been in trouble （考点：在非真实条件句中用过去完成式表示与过去的事实相反） 2)If he had booked tickets in the way I told him （考点：同上）
3)if I had not been interrupted （考点：同上）
4)If it rained/should rain/were to rain tomorrow
（考点：在非真实条件句中与将来的事实可能相反时从句的谓语形式）
（非真实条件句中主从句在不同时间的谓语形式： 从句主句
过去had done would(最常用)/should(跟在第一人称后)/could(表示
“能够”)/might(表示“可能”) have done 现在did/were would(最常用)/should(跟在第一人称后)/could(表示
“能够”)/might(表示“可能”) do
将来did/should do/were to do would(最常用)/should(跟在第一人称后)/could(表示
“能够”)/might(表示“可能”) do ）
5)If it had rained, the ground would be wet
（考点：错综时间条件句。在非真实条件句中，当主句与从句表示的动作不是同时发生时，就根据情况用适当的谓语动词形式）
6)If I had been living in New York （考点：同上）
7)he would be dead now （考点：同上）
8)our communication couldn't/wouldn't be so fast and convenient
（考点：含蓄虚拟条件句。but for经常作为非真实条件句中if的代用语）
9)we could not have rent a house at such a low price （考点：同上）
10)or she would/should have answered it /replied last week
（考点：同上。or也经常作为非真实条件句中if的代用语） 11)otherwise, it would have taken me more time to work out this question
（考点：同上。otherwise也经常作为非真实条件句中if的代用语）
12)I would seize the opportunity without hesitation
（考点：省略if的非真实条件句。在非真实条件句中如果有were, had, should这三个词，可以省去if，采用部分倒装的形式来表示条件）
13)this act would have been passed much earlier （考点：同上）
14)the continued existence of the human race would be in jeopardy
（考点：同上）
15)Jack (should) be sent to hospital right now （考点：表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的动词 ．．．．通常用“(that) sb. (should) ．．所接的宾语从句 do”的虚拟形式）
16)（should）not be addicted to computer games （考点：同上）
17)more mobile shops (should) be set up in the residential area
（考点：表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的动词 ．．．．通常用“(that) sb. (should) ．．所接的主语从句 do”的虚拟形式）
18)they (should) set up a special board/committee to examine this problem
（考点：表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的名词 ．．．．通常用“(that) sb. (should)
．．所接的表语从句 do”的虚拟形式）
19)the mid-term exams (should) be canceled （考点：表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的名词 ．．．．．通常用“(that) sb. (should) ．．所接的同位语从句 do”的虚拟形式）
[表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的动词及其名词常见的有：advise (advice), agree (agreement), decide (decision), decree, demand, determine (determination), grant, indicate (indication), insist (insistence), order, prefer (preference), propose (proposal), request, require (requirement), resolve (resolution), stipulate (stipulation), suggest(suggestion), urge, vote;常见的这类动词还有：allow, arrange, ask, beg, concede, demonstrate, ensure, intend, move, pledge, pray等]
20)we (should) be short of water in a country where it is always raining
（考点：在It is/was +形容词后的that从句中常用“sb. should do”的形式表示建议惊奇等。
这类形容词常见的有：advisable, anxious, appropriate, compulsory, crucial, desirable, eager, essential, fitting, imperative, important, impossible, improper, natural, necessary, obligatory, preferable, proper, urgent, vital, willing等）
21)everyone (should) be prepared for emergency （考点：同上）
22)should be deprived of the right to education/ should be denied the right to education
（考点：同上）
23)(should) deprive children of their freedom （考点：同上）
24)I had had your opportunities when I was young
（考点：I wish后的that从句中用过去完成式表示过去没有实现或不可能实现的愿望。）（I wish之后的从句谓语形式与非真实条件句中从句变法一致。）
25)he had known this disease is curable
（考点：If only 引导的感叹句表示“但愿”或“要是……就好了”，用法与I wish…基本相同）
26)painted it blue, and without any decorations
（考点：would rather 后的that从句中用过去式表示不是事实） 27)measures were taken to solve the problem of traffic jams （考点：It’s (about/high) time 后的that从句中用过去式，表示“该是……的时候了”）28)as though he were delivering a speech at an assembly
（考点：as if / as though引导的从句中用过去式表示和现在事实相反或对现在情况有所怀疑）
29)lest he should awaken the baby
（考点：lest (以免)引导的从句通常用sb. should do的形式表示虚拟）
2. 倒装句
1)Not until the deadline did he send
（考点：Not until结构及否定词位于句首的倒装） 2)should he lie to the court
（考点：否定词组under no circumstances位于句首的倒装） 3)would he break/go back on his promise to return the money
（考点：同上）
4)have the old couple quarreled with each other （考点：否定词never位于句首的倒装） 5)when a knock at the door awakened her
（考点：Scarcely…when…结构及否定词位于句首的倒装）
6)than she fell ill
（考点：No sooner…than…结构及否定词位于句首的倒装） 7)Nor did the wife say a word of welcome.
（考点：nor表示“后者与前者一样地不……”及否定词位于句首的倒装）
（放在句首后面接倒装语序的否定词或词组通常有no, not, never, seldom, rarely, hardly, little, not until, on no occasion, in no case, under no circumstances, at no time, on no account 等）
8)does/can he feel safe and relaxed
（考点：only引导的状语位于句首，句子倒装） 9)did I realize that reading cannot be neglected （考点：同上）
10)did the doctor realize that his patient needed surgery （考点：同上）
11)can we conclude the business （考点：同上） 3. 倍数增减的表示法
1)is 2.5 times greater than Force N2 （考点：倍数+ 形容词/副词比较级+ than） 2)reacts three times as fast as the other one （考点：倍数+ as + 形容词/副词+ as） 3)is 49 times the size of the moon （考点：倍数+ 名词）
4)wants to raise the rent by a third （考点：动词+ by + 数词/百分比/倍数） 5)plan to double their investment （考点：double + 名词） 4. 时态
1)have drawn considerable public attention in the past decades
（考点：现在完成时）
2)or the wedding will have finished by the time we get to the church
（考点：将来完成时）
3)the children had fallen asleep （考点：过去完成时）
4)my sister will be taking her vacation at the seaside （考点：将来进行时）
5)have been revising my resume all the morning （考点：现在完成进行时）
6)No. It has been five years since I went on holiday
（考点：It has been … since sb. did sth. 表示某人有多长时间没有做某事了）
7)He has been in the army for 5 years
（考点：1. 现在完成时；2.要用持续性动词才能接一段时间） 5. 被动语态
1)is being replaced by the computer and the projector （考点：被动语态的现在进行时）
2)will have been published by the end of this year （考点：被动语态的将来完成时）
3)can be used to demonstrate the way that cells work （考点：1. 被动语态与情态动词联用; 2. 汉语有些没有“被”字等标志词的句子也表示被动, 要译成英语的被动语态）
4)I was startled, for the prices were a great deal higher than I had anticipated
（考点：同“3”的考点2）
5)Effective measures must be taken immediately （考点：汉语的无主句通常翻译成英语的被动语态） 6. 情态动词
1)but there is no answer. She can’t be at home
（考点：情态动词可以表示可能性，can’t 表示“一定不”） 2)I may have left them in the coffee shop yesterday （考点：“情态动词can/could, may/might, must + 完成式”用于表示对过去发生的动作的主观判断）
3)You must have dreamed of something terrible （考点：同上）
4)I must have left it somewhere （考点：同上）
5)somebody must be speaking ill of them
（考点：搭配及情态动词表示对现在发生的动作的主观判断） 6)You should have invited her to your graduation ceremony （考点：“情态动词should/ought to + have done”用于评论过去应该做而实际并未做的动作，含有批评的意思）
7)I needn’t have put on my best suit to go to the party （考点：“情态动词needn’t + have + done”表示对过去发生的动作进行评论，认为“无须发生”，“不必做”）
8)could have attended the meeting in person
（考点：“情态动词could + have + done”表示对过去发生的动作进行评论，认为“本可以”，“本能够”）
7. 不定式
1)to complete a 24-story building in 10 months
（考点：不定式作主语时常用it作形式主语放在句首代替不定式，而将不定式移到谓语后面）
2)for us to have a good night’s sleep before the test （考点：有时用“介词for + 代词/名词”来表示不定式的逻辑主语，这时整句的谓语描述的对象是事情，这种情况下谓语中常用的形容词有：necessary, important, possible, impossible, all right, essential等）
3)of you to donate so much money to the people in the disaster area
（考点：有时用“介词of + 代词/名词”来表示不定式的逻辑主语，这时整句的谓语描述的对象是人，这种情况下谓语中常用的形容词有：absurd, bold, brave, careful, careless, cowardly, cruel, foolish, generous, good, honest, kind, nice, polite, rude, selfish, silly, stupid, thoughtful, thoughtless, wicked, wise, wrong等）
4)not to punish those students who had been late for class （考点：1. 用不定式结构作decide的宾语；2.不定式的否定形式是在to前加not）
（能带不定式作宾语的动词常见的有：afford, agree, aim, ask, attempt, beg, begin, bother, care, choose, claim, consent, contrive, decide, decline, demand, desire, determine, dislike, endeavor, expect, fail, fear, forget, happen, hate, help, hesitate, hope, intend, learn, like, love, manage, mean, neglect, offer, plan, pledge, prefer, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, remember, resolve, start, threaten, undertake, venture, volunteer, vow, want, wish）
5)Their only/single son has never attempted/contrived （考点：同上）
6)whether to visit their son in France
（考点：“疑问词+不定式”作动词wonder的宾语。能以这种结构作宾语的动词通常有ask,
consider, decide, discover, explain, forget, guess, know, learn, observe, remember, see, tell, understand, wonder等）
7)know which way to take by instinct/instinctively （考点：同上）
8)warned me just now not to water flowers at noon （考点：不定式作宾语补语）
9)invited him to give us a lecture on modern art （考点：同上）
10)were advised not to go traveling in that country for the
present
（考点：同上）
（能带不定式结构作宾语补语的动词有advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, challenge, command, compel, enable, determine, encourage, expect, feel, find, force, get, hate, have, hear, help, inform invite, let, like, make, mean, need, notice, notify, oblige, order, permit, persuade, remind, request, require, see, send, teach, tell, tempt, trouble, urge, want, warn, watch, wish 等。注：划线的动词后面的不定式不带to）
11)to be the chairman of students’ union in so large a university
（考点：动词+ it + 形容词/名词+ 不定式。it是形式宾语，不定式是真正宾语）
12)it hard to resist the temptation of ice cream （考点：搭配，不定式作宾语及it作形式宾语）
13)to apply what we have learned in class to practice （考点：不定式作定语）
（不定式常用作以下名词/代词的定语：ability, ambition, anything, attempt, capability, chance, curiosity, desire, decision, determination, effort, failure, intention, need, nothing, opportunity, place, plan, promise, reason, right, something, tendency, time, way, wish等）
14)ruined our plan to show the film in the open air （考点：同上）
15)the decision to build a nuclear power station in the suburbs
（考点：同上）
16)American woman to explore the outer space
（考点：由only, last, next，序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词常用不定式作定语）
17)only to drop it on their own feet （考点：不定式作结果状语）
18)to meet a high school classmate in the mountain village （考点：不定式作原因状语）
19)to have taken up so much of your time （考点：1. 不定式作原因状语；2. 不定式的完成时） 20)have completed/finished her chemical experiment （考点：1. 不定式作主语补语；2. 不定式的完成时） 21)to be standing in the doorway when he rushed in （考点：不定式的进行式） 22)to be treated as a guest （考点：不定式的被动形式）
23)go to the campus bookstore to buy used books （考点：不带to的不定式） 24)but play bridge the whole day （考点：同上）
25)to wipe our feet on the mat before going into the room （考点：当动词see, make, hear等用于被动语态时，不定式要保留to）
8. 分词
1)watched her wounded son being sent into the operating room
（考点：分词作宾语补语）
（catch, discover, feel, find, get, have, hear, keep, leave, make, notice, see, watch等动词常用分词形式作宾语补语）
2)competing for market shares with foreign companies （考点：同上）
3)“Happy birthday to you” sung in Italian （考点：同上）
4)parked in the fire lane
（考点：分词作定语）
5)killing thousands upon thousands of people （考点：分词作结果状语）
6)raising the average yield by 15 percent （考点：同上）
7)trying to deduce its operating principle （考点：分词作伴随状语）
8)Seeing that everyone was bending over his/her book （考点：分词作原因状语）
9)Deeply moved by the boy’s deeds （考点：同上）
10)Seen from the eyes of a young friend （考点：分词作方式状语）
11)Not having heard from his parents for a long time （考点：1. 分词作原因状语；2.分词的否定形式；3.现在分词的完成式）
9．动名词
1)Taking a cold bath every day （考点：动名词作主语）
2)Keeping a sense of humor helps （考点：同上）
3)making their daughter do what she did n’t like to do （考点：动名词作动词的宾语）
（下列动词后的宾语只能是动名词而不能是不定式：acknowledge, admit, advise, advocate, allow, anticipate, appreciate, avoid, consider, contemplate, defer, delay, deny, dislike, dread, encourage, enjoy, escape, evade, excuse, fancy, finish, grudge, can’t help, imagine, include, keep, mind, miss, permit, postpone, practice, prevent, propose, recall, recollect, resent, resist, risk, can’t stand, stop, suggest）
4)getting our goods into the international market （考点：动名词作介词的宾语）
5)never considered working as a promoter或never thought of taking the job of a promoter
（考点：同3或4） 6)him out of buying a car
（考点：搭配talk sb. out of doing sth.和动名词作介词宾语） 7)crying over spilled milk
（考点：动名词用于固定结构。动名词经常与以下词组连用：be worth, have difficulty (in), it be no good/use/worthwhile, there be no need/no point in, how/what about, what’s the point of, what’s the use of）
8)having peeked at his neighbor’s test paper （考点：动名词的完成式） 9)being promoted to manager （考点：动名词的被动式） 10. 非谓语动词用法区别 1)working very hard.
（考点：mean表示“意味着”） 2)to drive there, but his car broke down （考点：mean表示“打算”）
（类似需要区别的动词还有forget, remember, regret, go on, stop等）
3)talking to his mother （考点：强调正在进行）
4)talk to his mother for an hour （考点：强调整个过程） 5)only to break his own leg （考点：意料之外的结果） 6)breaking his legs
（考点：意料之中的结果）
7)to see his parents in good health （考点：不定式作原因状语位于句末） 8)Seeing his parents safe and sound （考点：分词作原因状语位于句首） 9)Following its footprints （考点：现在分词强调主动） 10)followed by two body guards （考点：过去分词强调被动） 11. 名词从句
1)Why they left their hometown for Yunnan （考点：主语从句） 2)What confused me most （考点：同上）
3)That this was done on purpose （考点：同上）
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