谁能给我zhoutongyu周童瑜微语法系列?
发布网友
发布时间：2022-04-23 02:16
共3个回答
热心网友
时间：2023-06-21 18:10
Zhou Tongyu微语法系列—14·当when遇到while再遇到as字数：2473来源：求学·理科版 2013年4期 字体：大 中 小 打印当页正文 套用俗话“人比人，气死人”，这“词比词”也就可以说是“晕死人”了。尤其是when遇到了while，又遇到了as，这三个词可谓是词汇用法比较中的经典了。三个词都同属于一家“公司”——“时间状语从句集团”，又在外“兼职”，各有他用。因此，有时要分清楚这三个词何时在“司何职”，就颇费力气。现在我们就在这期微语法中将它们拉出来溜溜，看看到底有哪些不同。
首先来看一看，这三个词在时间状语从句中的区别：
第一， when，while，as均可表示时间段，意思是“在……期间”，和进行式连用，此时从句中谓语动词为延续性动词。其中when和as也可表示时间点，意思是“在那时，当时”，和一般时连用，此时从句中谓语动词为瞬间动词，而while不能表示时间点，其从句谓语动词也不能是瞬间动词；When可表示“同时发生”或“先后发生”；While只可表示“同时发生”；As可表示“同时发生”或无明显先后的“接连发生”。
1. ______ I was walking down the street， I met several street artists.
A. When B. While C. As D. As soon as
此题ABC都是正确答案，当主句动作“met”的时间区间属于从句动作“was walking”的时间区间时，when，while，as均可使用，本句的时间侧重于“走在街上的那段时间内”。D项as soon as倾向于“发生动作或事情的那个时刻”，不选。
第二，以下四种情况只用when，不用while/as：（1）长动作中的短动作（包括when表示“就在此时”的情况）；（2）两个短动作先后发生；（3）人生中的某一时期；（4）when 的意思等于 each/every time 时。
2. I was taking a shower ______ the fire broke out.
A. when B. as C. while D. after
此题选A，洗澡是长动作，起火是在洗澡期间内发生的短动作。似乎此处的when就是经常提及的“就在此时”，但在此句：___ the teacher came in， we were reading中，横线处也只能填when，因为老师进来相对于我们读书是一个短动作，但此处若译成“就在此时”又显牵强，所以用“长动作中的短动作”的逻辑来判断，更有助于理解。
3. Victor lost his left leg ___ he was twelve.
A. as B. while C. when D. ring
此题选C，指人生中过去的某一时期。
4.___you talk to someone or write a message， you show your skills to others.
A. While B. As C. By the time D. When
此题选D，when在题意中相当于every time或者each time。
第三，以下两种情况不用while，但可以具体选用when和as。（1）两个短动作同时发生时，可用when或as。（2）两件事情同时发生变化时或表示“随时间推移”的概念时，以及表示“一边……一边……”的意义时，通常用as。
5. the temperature increases， the volume of water becomes greater.
A. When B. As C. While D. Since
此题答案选B，两件事情同时发生变化。
第四，下列情况通常用while或as，不用when：两个明显的长动作同时发生时，如 I was watching TV，my mother was cooking in the kitchen，这两个动作都较长，故横线上填while/as更为恰当。
第五，下列情况常用when和while，不用as：从句谓语动词是表示状态的动词时，常用when或者while，此时如果用as则表示原因，不表时间。
6. —I’m going to the post office.
— you are there， can you buy me some stamps？
A.As B.while C.Because D.If
此题CD两项很好排除，答案选B。此题很明显表示的是时间概念，as时间状语从句不能有状态动词are，宜用while而不用as。如强用as，则表示原因，与句意不符。
7. His eyesight became worse he grew older.
A. after B. as C. while D. when
此题则恰恰相反只能选as，句中grew为系动词，虽有“变化”之意，但还是一种长区间状态，as此时和其连用只表原因，不表时间。类似的词包括所有系动词以及诸如know，love等通常不能用进行时表达的状态动词，此句应译为“因为年纪大了，所以视力变差了。”有些语法讲解中，将该句视为时间状语从句，翻译成“当他年纪大了，视力变差了”似乎也没有问题，但其实此处只能选择as的根本原因，可以理解为那是因为as在此处是原因状语从句，读者可以将例7和例题5、例题6进行比较揣摩。
接着，我们来看一下这三个词的非时间状语从句用法：
8.You can’t win the game when（在……情况下）you never practice ring this period. 9.It was foolish of you to take a taxi when（在……情况下）you could easily walk there in five minutes. 例题8和例题9，when的这一用法是近年的高考新宠儿，有多种译法，笔者将其译作“在……情况下”，更有助于理解，但不表示“条件”，此种when用法强调的是并列事实间的对比差异。再如：They had only three chairs when they need five。
10. While（虽然） all of them are strong candidates，only one will be chosen for the post.
11.The first two are free while（而）the third costs $30.
12.Try as（尽管，表让步） he might，little Tom couldn’t get the door open.
13. He travels a lot，as（正如，表方式）do most of the people who have become rich.
14.I am ashamed，sir，that I wasted a lot of hours when（定语从句关系副词）I should have studied in class.
好吧，这三个词的比较，只要掌握了这些，就ok了，那赶快趁热打铁吧！Strike while the iron is hot！
配套练习
1. Debbie was about to close the window her attention was caught by a bird perching on the window sill.
A. when B. if C. and D. till
2. volleyball is her main focus， she’s also great at table tennis.
A. Since B. Once C. Unless D. While
3. It just isn’t fair I was working as a waiter last month； my friends were lying on the beach.
A whenever B. though C. for D. while
4. He joined the army he left home.
A. when B.as C. while D. where
5. The volume varies the temperature increases.
A. when B. while C. ring D. as
6. the sun rose， the fog dispersed.
A. While B. When C. As D. During
7. Because of the heavy traffic，it was already time for lunch break she got to her office.
A. since B. that C. when D. until
8. Mary got married to an American she was in college.
A. as B. when C. while D. ring
9. We always sing we dance.
A. as B. while C. when D. as soon as
10. Mary made coffee her guests were finishing their meal.
A. so that B. although C. while D. as if
11. Mr. Black’s ankle aches it starts to rain.
A. when B. while C. after D. ring
12. he is a top student，he has some shortcomings.
A. As B. While C. When D. Since
13. He usually walks he might ride.
A. when B. unless C. while D. as
14. Kids talk frequently about what they can do，
many alts do the opposite，tending to talk about what they can’t .
A. when B. as C. while D. where
15.Child Tom is，he has been a success.
A. when B. although C. while D. as
16.Why does she always drive she could easily walk to the company？ It’s a little bit strange.
A. while B.as C. when D. unless
参*：1—16 ADDAD CCBAC ABACD C
热心网友
时间：2023-06-21 18:11
这个分数好高,我喜欢,哈哈.
不过赚分好不容易，找了半天都没找到。
热心网友
时间：2023-06-21 18:11
他写的确实好，我也一直在找！可是除了《求学》杂志连载外，没有别的了！
